檢視靜志居詩話/卷二十一/孫淳的原始碼

<h3 class="th3a"><span class="條題">孫淳</span></h3>
<p class="附傳"><span class="專名">孫淳</span>，字<span class="專名">孟樸</span>，<span class="專名">嘉興</span>府學生。有<span class="書名">梅綰居存草</span>。</p>
<p>詩流結社，自<span class="專名">宋</span>、<span class="專名">元</span>以來，代有之。迨<span class="專名">明</span><span class="專名">慶</span>、<span class="專名">歷</span>間，<span class="專名">白門</span>再會，稱極盛矣。至于文社，始<span class="專名">天啟</span>甲子，合<span class="專名">吳郡</span><span class="專名">金沙</span><span class="專名">檇李</span>僅十有一人，<span class="專名">張溥</span><span class="專名">天如</span>、<span class="專名">張采</span><span class="專名">來章</span>、<span class="專名">楊廷樞</span><span class="專名">維斗</span>、<span class="專名">楊彝</span><span class="專名">子常</span>、<span class="專名">顧夢麟</span><span class="專名">麟士</span>、<span class="專名">朱隗</span><span class="專名">雲子</span>、<span class="專名">王啟榮</span><span class="專名">惠常</span>、<span class="專名">周銓</span><span class="專名">簡臣</span>、<span class="專名">周鍾</span><span class="專名">介生</span>、<span class="專名">吳昌時</span><span class="專名">來之</span>、<span class="專名">錢栴</span><span class="專名">彥林</span>，分主五經文字之選，而效奔走以襄厥事者，<span class="專名">嘉興</span>府學生<span class="專名">孫淳</span><span class="專名">孟樸</span>也。是曰『應社』。當其始取友尚隘，而<span class="專名">來之</span>、<span class="專名">彥林</span>謀推大之，訖於四海。於是有『廣應社』。<span class="專名">貴池</span><span class="專名">劉城</span><span class="專名">伯宗</span>、<span class="專名">吳應箕</span><span class="專名">次尾</span>、<span class="專名">涇縣</span><span class="專名">萬應隆</span><span class="專名">道吉</span>、<span class="專名">蕪湖</span><span class="專名">沈士柱</span><span class="專名">崑銅</span>、<span class="專名">宣城</span><span class="專名">沈壽民</span><span class="專名">睂生</span>，咸來會，聲氣之孚，先自『應社』始也。<span class="專名">崇禎</span>之初，<span class="專名">嘉魚</span><span class="專名">熊開元</span>宰<span class="專名">吳江</span>，進諸生而講藝，於時<span class="專名">孟樸</span>里居，結<span class="專名">吳翻</span><span class="專名">扶九</span>、<span class="專名">吳允夏</span><span class="專名">去盈</span>、<span class="專名">沈應瑞</span><span class="專名">聖符</span>等肇舉『復社』。於時<span class="專名">雲間</span>有『幾社』，<span class="專名">浙西</span>有『聞社』，江北有『南社』，<span class="專名">江西</span>有『則社』，又有<span class="專名">歷亭</span>『席社』，<span class="專名">崑陽</span>『雲簪社』，而<span class="專名">吳門</span>別有『羽朋社』、『匡社』，<span class="專名">武林</span>有『讀書社』，<span class="專名">山左</span>有『大社』，僉會于<span class="專名">吳</span>，統合于『復社』。『復社』始于戊辰，成于己巳，其盟書曰：『學不殖將落，毋蹈匪彝，毋讀非聖書，毋違老成人，毋矜厥長，毋以辯言亂政，毋干進喪乃身，嗣今以往，犯者小用諫，大者擯。僉曰：諾。』是役也，<span class="專名">孟樸</span>渡<span class="專名">淮</span>、<span class="專名">泗</span>，歷<span class="專名">齊</span>、<span class="專名">魯</span>以達于京師。賢大夫士必審擇而定衿契，然後進之于社。故<span class="專名">天如</span>之言曰：『忘其身惟取友是急，義不辭難，而千里必應，三年之間，若無<span class="專名">孟樸</span>，則其道幾廢。』蓋先後大會者三，『復社』之名動朝野，<span class="專名">孟樸</span>勞居多。然而斂怨深矣。十年正月，<span class="專名">蘇州</span>民<span class="專名">陸文聲</span>疏陳『風俗之弊，皆原於士子，庶吉士<span class="專名">張溥</span>、知<span class="專名">臨川縣</span>事<span class="專名">張采</span>，倡立「復社」，以亂天下。』<span class="專名">思陵</span>下提督學政御史<span class="專名">倪元珙</span>察覈，<span class="專名">倪</span>公言：『諸生誦法<span class="專名">孔子</span>，引其徒譚經講學，互相切劘，文必先正，品必賢良，實非樹黨，<span class="專名">文聲</span>以私憾妄訐，宜罪。』閣臣以公蒙飾，降光祿寺錄事，<span class="專名">蘇州</span>推官<span class="專名">周之夔</span>者，與<span class="專名">溥</span>同年舉進士，初亦入社，至是希閣臣意，墨絰詣闕，復訐奏<span class="專名">溥</span>等樹黨挾持。案久未結，讒言罔極，致有草檄以聲『復社』十罪者。大略謂：『派則<span class="專名">婁東</span>、<span class="專名">吳下</span>、<span class="專名">雲間</span>，學則<span class="專名">天如</span>、<span class="專名">維斗</span>、<span class="專名">臥子</span>，上搖國柄，下亂群情，行殊八俊三君，跡近八關五鬼。外乎黨者，雖<span class="專名">房</span>、<span class="專名">杜</span>不足言事業，異吾盟者，雖<span class="專名">屈</span>、<span class="專名">宋</span>不足言文章，或呼學究智囊，或號行舟太保，傳檄則星馳電發，宴會則酒池肉林。』所云『行舟傳檄』，殆指<span class="專名">孟樸</span>言之。至十五年，御史<span class="專名">金毓峒</span>，給事中<span class="專名">姜埰</span>各上疏白其事，始奉旨：『朝廷不以語言文字罪人，「復社」一案準注銷。』後<span class="專名">福藩</span>稱制，<span class="專名">阮大鋮</span>怨戊寅秋南國諸生<span class="專名">顧杲</span>等一百四十人之具<span class="書名">防亂公揭</span>也，日思報復。爰有<span class="專名">王實鼎</span>東南利孔久湮，『復社』渠魁聚斂一疏，<span class="專名">大鋮</span>語<span class="專名">馬士英</span>云：『<span class="專名">孔</span>門弟子三千，而<span class="專名">維斗</span>等聚徒至萬，不反何待？』至欲陳兵于江，以為防禦，心知無是事，而意在盡殺『復社』之主盟者。時<span class="專名">崑銅</span>曁<span class="專名">宜興</span><span class="專名">陳貞慧</span><span class="專名">定生</span>輩，皆就逮繫獄，<span class="專名">桐城</span><span class="專名">錢秉鐙</span>，<span class="專名">宣城</span><span class="專名">沈壽民</span>亡命得脫。假令王師下江南少緩，則『復社』諸君，難乎免于<span class="專名">白馬</span>之禍矣。自昔黨錮之傳，列于<span class="專名">後漢</span>之書，『月泉』之社，附諸亡<span class="專名">宋</span>之籍。故錄其詩，綴于<span class="專名">崇禎</span>之末。<span class="書名">玉峰墖下別天如</span>云：『經過便聽墖鈴聲，誰解消魂此日情。客為譚深催別暮，船隨潮便報帆輕。偶因懷友重憑檻，悔不看山再入城。二十餘年芳草寺，隔查相望水盈盈。』<span class="書名">悲婁吟</span>云：『偶因文事立雞壇，不料浮言啟百端。生死幾人知痛哭，風波惟我共艱難。<span class="專名">北門學士</span>虛華屋，<span class="專名">南郭先生</span>為撫棺。不負當年風雨夜，並將松柏厲餘寒。』自注云：『哭<span class="專名">天如</span>也。』</p>
<h4 class="th4a"><span class="附傳題">附錄</span</h4>>
<p class="附傳"><span class="專名">萬茂先</span>云：『<span class="專名">孟樸</span>築梅館於<span class="專名">南潯</span>間，以詩自娛，所作清微婉逸，庶幾風騷之遺。』</p>

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