檢視小棲霞說稗/秦淮海妻非蘇小妹的原始碼

<h3 class="th3a"><span class="條題">秦淮海妻非蘇小妹</span></h3>

<p><span class="書名">通俗編</span><span class="注">卷二十七</span><span class="書名">蘇小妹</span>條：『<span class="書名">歐陽文忠集</span><span class="書名">蘇明允墓志</span>云：「君三女，皆早卒。」按：<span class="專名">明允</span>一女適其母兄<span class="專名">程濬</span>之子<span class="專名">子才</span>，<span class="注"><span class="專名">庸</span>按：<span class="專名">文忠</span>姊名<span class="專名">八娘</span>，<span class="專名">子才</span>字<span class="專名">正輔</span>。</span>一女適<span class="專名">柳子玉</span>。<span class="注">按：<span class="專名">子玉</span>子<span class="專名">瑾</span>，字<span class="專名">仲遠</span>，娶<span class="專名">文忠</span>堂妹<span class="專名">小二娘</span>，蓋<span class="專名">中都公</span><span class="專名">渙</span>少女，非<span class="專名">文忠</span>同懷也。<span class="專名">晴江</span>誤。</span>而世俗有云<span class="專名">蘇小妹</span>者，謂其適<span class="專名">秦少遊</span>，豈<span class="專名">明允</span>之最小女耶？攷<span class="專名">王應元</span>撰<span class="書名">少遊傳</span>云：「見<span class="專名">蘇軾</span>於<span class="專名">徐州</span>，為賦<span class="書名">黃樓歌</span>，以為有<span class="專名">屈</span>、<span class="專名">宋</span>才。」自此以前，二人未相識也。<span class="專名">軾</span>於<span class="專名">治平</span><span class="注">應作<span class="專名">熙𡩋</span></span>十年始改知<span class="專名">徐</span>，而<span class="專名">明允</span>卒於<span class="專名">治平</span>三年，其三女皆已先歿，則安得有<span class="專名">軾</span>妹適<span class="專名">少遊</span>事？俗所傳，不見載記。惟<span class="專名">元</span><span class="專名">吳昌齡</span><span class="書名">東坡夢</span>雜劇為是言，並云其妹之名曰<span class="專名">子美</span>。雜劇之謬悠，詎可據以為實！』<span class="專名">庸</span>按：<span class="書名">寄園寄所寄</span><span class="注">卷八</span>引<span class="書名">雲谷臥餘</span>，云：『「世傳<span class="專名">蘇子瞻</span>有小妹嫁為<span class="專名">秦淮海</span>之妻，而造為無稽之談以實之，皆妄。」<span class="注"><span class="書名">今古奇觀</span>卷十七一則，即<span class="專名">雲谷</span>所斥。</span>按<span class="書名">墨莊漫錄</span>云：「<span class="專名">延安夫人</span><span class="專名">蘇</span>氏，丞相<span class="專名">子容</span>內也，有詞行於世。」或以為<span class="專名">東坡</span>女弟適<span class="專名">柳子玉</span>者所作，非也。」<span class="書名">菊坡叢話</span>云：「老<span class="專名">蘇</span>先生之女，幼而好學，慷慨能文，適其母兄<span class="專名">程璿</span>之子<span class="專名">子才</span>，作詩曰：『汝母之兄汝伯舅，求以厥子來結姻。郷人婚嫁重母族，雖我不肯將安云？』人言<span class="專名">蘇子</span>無妹，卻有此詩。」然則<span class="專名">子瞻</span>固有二妹：一適<span class="專名">柳子玉</span>之子，一適<span class="專名">程子才</span>而第非<span class="專名">秦淮海</span>耳。』<span class="專名">張純照</span><span class="書名">遺珠貫索</span>亦引<span class="書名">臥餘</span>，刪去<span class="書名">墨莊漫錄</span>數語，而云：『故<span class="書名">長公集</span>有<span class="專名">柳子玉</span>倡和詩，又有<span class="書名">柳氏二外生求筆跡詩</span>，又有<span class="書名">贈外生柳閎詩</span>。<span class="書名">東坡集</span>又有<span class="書名">乳母任氏墓銘</span>云：「乳亡姊<span class="專名">八娘</span>及<span class="專名">軾</span>」，則<span class="專名">東坡</span>不特有妹，而且有姊，特早亡耳。』『墨莊』以下至『安云』，<span class="書名">隨園詩話</span><span class="注">卷十五</span>引之。或云：『今所傳<span class="專名">蘇小妹</span>之詩句、對語，見<span class="專名">宋</span><span class="專名">林坤</span><span class="書名">誠齋雜記</span>，原屬不根之談。』按<span class="書名">淮海集</span><span class="注">卷三十六</span><span class="書名">徐君主簿行狀</span><span class="注">諱某，字<span class="專名">成甫</span>，<span class="專名">高郵</span>人。</span>云：『子男五人，曰<span class="專名">文通</span>、<span class="專名">文俠</span>、<span class="專名">文剛</span>、<span class="專名">文懷</span>、<span class="專名">文昌</span>，女三人，曰<span class="專名">文美</span>、<span class="專名">文英</span>、<span class="專名">文柔</span>。初君好學問，聚書幾萬卷，欲舉進士而父祖不從，乃歎曰：「子當讀書，女必嫁士人。」其後四子藝業蔚然有成，而<span class="專名">文通</span>尤自立。又以<span class="專名">文美</span>妻余。如其志云。』則<span class="專名">淮海</span>妻為<span class="專名">徐文美</span>，非<span class="專名">文忠</span>小妹。小說紛紛，何足信也！<span class="書名">戒菴漫筆</span>已引<span class="專名">秦</span>集，見<span class="書名">堅瓠丙集</span><span class="注">卷三</span>。<span class="書名">履園叢話</span><span class="注">卷二十四</span><span class="書名">蘇小妹條</span>云：『余修<span class="書名">高郵志</span>，閱<span class="書名">淮海集</span>，乃知<span class="專名">少遊</span>夫人姓<span class="專名">徐</span>氏為里中富人<span class="專名">徐天德</span>之女。<span class="專名">天德</span>字<span class="專名">賡實</span>，號<span class="專名">元孚</span>，有義行。<span class="專名">少遊</span>為作事狀，載集，而舊志竟未及。』<span class="專名">徐</span>君名為集所不載，字又異，豈<span class="專名">梅谿</span>所見<span class="專名">秦</span>集為別本耶？</p>

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